The International Medical Graduate and Emergency Medicine

International medical graduates (IMGs) are medical graduates who have received their degree from international medical schools. IMGs must undertake a 3-step process to apply to the National Residency Matching Program match. First, they must obtain a valid standard certificate from the Educational Commission for Foreign Medical Graduates. Following certification, they must apply for and secure a position in a residency training program. Third, they must obtain a visa that would enable them to commence their training. In this article, we delve thoroughly into these stepladders to provide IMGs with a clear roadmap of the process as well as contacts to key agencies that may provide more comprehensive assistance.     

Pathology's historic 2019 incoming residents: Why “the internationalization of pathology” may markedly advance transfusion medicine and cellular therapeutics

ObjectivesThis study had two objectives: (1) to determine if, in the United States of America (US), the proportion of non-US citizen international medical graduates (non-US IMGs) entering pathology residencies had increased (again) in 2019 and (2) to assess how this multi-year trend might impact transfusion medicine in the US.MethodsThe most recent (2019) “National Resident Matching Program” (NRMP) data were analyzed. To assess potential future impact, using controversies related to Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) malaria, conflicting US and non-US perspectives were reviewed. Differences between published US and non-US views were identified regarding, for example, the value of Pf-resistant (“variant”) red blood cells (RBCs) and exchange transfusions.ResultsYear 2019 is the first year non-US IMGs were the largest group to fill residency-training positions for a major US specialty via the “Main Residency Match.” Also notable, US and non-US views were found to differ markedly regarding (1) the value and safety of Pf-resistant RBC variants and exchange transfusions, and (2) the threat of drug-resistant Pf-malaria parasites. Non-US clinicians and researchers seem more concerned about Pf-malaria, and their interest in cellular therapies seems greater and more optimistic.ConclusionsIn 2019, the historically high proportion of non-US IMGs among incoming pathology residents dramatically highlights the steady demographic shift that began years ago: “the internationalization of pathology” in the US. Fortunately, a review of publications related to exchange transfusion, Pf-malaria, and variant RBCs suggests non-US IMGs may markedly promote and advance cell therapies such as therapeutically-rational exchange (T-REX) of disease-resistant RBCs.     

高职高专护理专业医学伦理学教学探索与实践

高职高专护理专业医学伦理学教学尚处于不成熟的阶段,应采用以下方法提高教学水平：确定明确的教学目标;选择实用的教学内容;选用切实的教学方法;选择有效的教学手段。此外,还应解决以下问题：明确医学伦理学的学科性质;改革教学评价体系,建立“双师型”师资队伍;建立完善的医学伦理学科体系。     

高职生一般自我效能感与成就动机的关系

目的了解高职生一般自我效能感的现状,并进一步探讨其与成就动机的关系。方法采用一般自我效能感量表(GSES)和《成就动机量表》(AMS),对280名高职生随机调查。结果 1高职生一般自我效能感(t=2.869,P0.05)在是否班干部上存在显著差异;2一般自我效能感与成就动机各维度(P0.01)都呈显著正相关;3多元回归分析表明,追求成功(β=0.432,P0.01)对一般自我效能感有显著的预测作用。结论高职生一般自我效能感和成就动机呈显著正相关,追求成功动机可以有效预测一般自我效能感。     

The United States Physician Workforce and International Medical Graduates: Trends and Characteristics

Background International medical graduates (IMGs) have been a valuable resource for the United States physician workforce, and their contribution to the United States workforce is likely to increase. Objective To describe the historical trends and compare the characteristics of IMGs to United States medical graduates (USMGs) in the United States. Design Longitudinal analysis of the American Medical Association Physicians’ Professional Data (AMA-PPD) database using the 1978–2004 files and a comparative analysis of the characteristics of a random sample of 1,000 IMGs and a random sample of 1,000 USMGs using the 2004 file. Measurements Historical trends and characteristics of IMGs in the United States. Results Over the last 26 years, the number of IMGs in the United States grew by 4,873 per year reaching a total of 215,576 in 2004, about 2.4 times its size in 1978. The proportion of IMGs increased 0.12% per year, from 22.2% in 1978 to 25.6% in 2004. In 2004, compared with USMGs, IMGs were older, less likely to be board certified [Odds ratio (OR), 0.68; 95% CI, 0.53 to 0.86], less likely to work in group practice (OR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.37 to 0.98), more likely to have Internal Medicine as practice specialty (OR, 2.10; 95% CI, 1.62 to 2.71) and more likely to be residents (OR, 1.52; 95% CI, 1.07 to 2.16). Conclusions Over the last quarter century, the IMGs provided a significant and steady supply for the United States physician workforce that continues to grow. Policymakers should consider the consequences for both the United States and source countries.     

医学高职教育双语教学初探

在医学高职教育中开展双语教学十分必要,但目前在医学高职教育中开展双语教学面临着学院重视不足、师资力量薄弱、学生英语应用能力参差不齐等困难。面对上述困难,医学类高职院校应制定开展双语教学的政策和方法,并加大双语师资培养及双语教学软硬件等方面的投入。     

医学院校毕业生就业指导工作的探讨

随着高等医学院校毕业生就业体制改革的不断深化,医学毕业生就业形势不容乐观,医学院校毕业生就业指导工作面临前所未有的压力和挑战。我校通过实施就业工作“一把手”工程,落实毕业生就业工作责任制,建立健全规章制度及医学生就业服务体系,积极开展各种形式的就业指导,从而做好医学生的就业工作。     

238名大学毕业生恋爱情况追踪调查与对策

[目的]了解大学毕业生的恋爱发展情况及其影响因素,为有针对性地对大学生们进行婚恋教育提供依据。[方法]采用问卷调查法及访谈法,对内江师范学院不同专业处于恋爱中的大四学生,跟踪调查其恋爱的发展情况及影响因素。[结果]238名大学毕业生恋爱结婚率为33.6%,大学毕业生的恋爱对象主要是中学和大学的同学或校友,共占69.7%。238名被调查者中有79.4%发生过婚前性行为,结婚组与分手组的婚前性行为的发生率无统计学差异。大学生们毕业后有无相对固定的工作对男女大学生的婚姻影响是有差异的,男毕业生对建立婚姻家庭缺乏信心,心理压力较女性大。[结论]对大学生们进行婚恋教育,有利于指导他们合理地交往异性、理智地恋爱、慎重地择偶,负责任地结婚。     

我校高职护理专业生源现状分析及对策

目的 了解五年制高职护理专业的生源状况、学生的实际需求和存在的主要问题,为搞好今后的教学工作和有效提升学生的综合素质提供参考数据.方法 通过问卷调查的方法,对某高等职业技术学校2004、2005、2007、2008级高职护理专业学生的家庭背景、学习态度、专业兴趣和职业倾向、最喜爱的教学方法等方面进行调查及分析.结果 五...     

高职护理学生学习策略的研究

目的 编制高职护理学生学习策略量表,探讨其特点.方法 在分析总结现有的学习策略涵义和结构研究的基础上,从实践运用的角度,结合理论探讨,尝试建构了高职护理学生学习策略的结构模型.结果 高职护理学生学习策略结构包括认知策略、元认知策略、情感调控策略、资源管理策略、实践操作策略等维度.结论 该问卷具有较好的信度和效度,可作为测量高职护理学生学习策略的适宜工具;差生的学习策略明显低于优秀生;高职护理学生学习策略没有显著的年级差异.

Abstract：

Objective To draw up the learning strategy scale for vocational nursing students and discuss its characteristics. Methods Structure model of learning strategies was constructed by summarizing and analyzing current learning connotation and structure research, through the view of application combining with theory. Results The results showed that the learning strategy of the vocational nursing students included five factors: cognitive strategy, meta-cognitive strategy, emotions regulation strategy, resource management strategy and practical operation strategy. Conclusions The strategy scale is very reliable and valid and can be used to measure these learning strategies. Results also indicates that excellent students show much more profitable strategies than students of lower levels, no difference is found in different grades.